Encryption
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In cryptography, encryption is the process of transforming information (referred to as plaintext) using an algorithm (called cipher) to make it unreadable to anyone except those possessing special knowledge, usually referred to as a key. The result of the process is encrypted information (in cryptography, referred to as ciphertext). In many contexts, the word encryption also implicitly refers to the reverse process, decryption (e.g. “software for encryption” can typically also perform decryption), to make the encrypted information readable again (i.e. to make it unencrypted).
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Encryption Types
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Currently Used
- Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), also known as Rijndael, is a block cipher used by the United States Government.
- Blowfish is a keyed, symmetric block cipher developed 1993.
- Serpent is a keyed, symmetric block cipher that was developed in the AES design contest, where it came second to Rijndael.
- Twofish is a symmetric key block cipher with a block size of 128 bits and key sizes up to 256 bits. It was one of the five finalists of the Advanced Encryption Standard contest, but was not selected for standardisation. Twofish is related to the earlier block cipher Blowfish.
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Depreciated
- Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a cipher employed since 1976, and has been used commonly worldwide. It was replaced by AES, as DES underwent scrutiny for classified design elements, short key length, and the possibility of a National Security Agency backdoor.
- Triple DES is an encryption cipher that was created by using DES three times in succession.
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